A zero-day exploit is a cyberattack that takes advantage of a previously unknown vulnerability in software or hardware. The term "zero-day" refers to the fact that developers have had zero days to address or patch the vulnerability before it is exploited.

Zero-day exploits often follow these steps:

• Discovery: Attackers identify a vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor or public.
• Exploit Development: A tool or method is created to take advantage of the vulnerability.
• Attack Execution: The exploit is deployed, often through phishing emails, malicious websites, or direct network access.

These exploits are particularly dangerous because there is no known fix at the time of the attack. They can:

• Compromise sensitive data and systems.
• Enable unauthorized access and control over networks.
• Facilitate widespread malware infections.

While it is difficult to prevent zero-day exploits entirely, organizations can mitigate risks by:

• Keeping Software Updated: Regularly apply patches and updates to close known vulnerabilities.
• Employing Advanced Security Tools: Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) and behavior-based threat detection.
• Conducting Regular Security Audits: Identify and address potential vulnerabilities proactively.